閱讀英語(yǔ)新聞對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重要性讀者都有所認(rèn)知,作為英語(yǔ)新聞重要的一部分---英語(yǔ)新聞標(biāo)題,其起著總結(jié)新聞報(bào)道和吸引讀者興趣的作用,讀者在進(jìn)行選擇和閱讀新聞時(shí)首先會(huì)看新聞標(biāo)題,那么對(duì)于英語(yǔ)新聞標(biāo)題的解析就有著很重要的意義。
筆者曾就英語(yǔ)新聞的用詞特點(diǎn)做以分析,包括借喻修辭手法的使用,首字母縮略詞的使用,簡(jiǎn)縮詞的使用,復(fù)合詞作前置定語(yǔ),短詞、行話、委婉語(yǔ)的使用。現(xiàn)就英語(yǔ)新聞標(biāo)題的語(yǔ)法特征做以簡(jiǎn)析,期望能夠提高讀者閱讀英語(yǔ)新聞的能力,更好地理解報(bào)道內(nèi)容。本文以《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》中某些新聞標(biāo)題為例。
首先,時(shí)態(tài)的使用。Simple present(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) is the most commonly used tense in headline to give the reader a sense of “timeliness” by giving a vivid, eyewitness account. 英語(yǔ)新聞標(biāo)題中一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的使用給讀者一種“及時(shí)性”的感覺(jué)。如:Xi, Trump exchange views on China-US cooperation; Shenzhou XI return capsule touches down. 英語(yǔ)新聞標(biāo)題中一般過(guò)去時(shí)的使用主要用于兩種情況,即標(biāo)題中出現(xiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或寄托一種特別的感情時(shí),動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí),如Chinese net forex sales nearly halved in October; Woman fighter pilot inspired nation.
其次,分詞的使用。“V-ing” form(動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞) is often used to indicate an ongoing action.動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞的使用表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如: BYD buses making Liverpool greener;Returned pandas adapting to new Sichuan home.在這兩個(gè)標(biāo)題中,其實(shí)是省略了be動(dòng)詞,所以完整的形式是:BYD buses are making Liverpool greener;Returned pandas are adapting to new Sichuan home. “ V-ed” form(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞) is often used to indicate the passive voice.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的使用表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:Long March anniversary marked with album of generals’ portraits; Trapped Chinese tourists safely evacuated from quake-hit area in New Zealand.在這兩個(gè)標(biāo)題中,其實(shí)也是省略了be動(dòng)詞,所以完整的形式是:Long March anniversary is marked with album of generals’ portraits; Trapped Chinese tourists are safely evacuated from quake-hit area in New Zealand.
再次,動(dòng)詞不定式的使用。Future is always indicated by infinitive “to do”.動(dòng)詞不定式用來(lái)表將來(lái)。如:Chang’e 5 lunar probe to land on moon and return in 2017;Thailand to cut visa fee for tourists from 18 countries.通常用will do表將來(lái),所以這兩個(gè)標(biāo)題的完整形式是:Chang’e 5 lunar probe will land on moon and return in 2017;Thailand will cut visa fee for tourists from 18 countries.
為了鞏固所學(xué)的英語(yǔ)新聞標(biāo)題語(yǔ)法特征,以下三個(gè)標(biāo)題供大家參考分析:Sample 1: Hamburg Summit to focus on Belt and Road Initiative;Sample 2 : Blue alert issued for snow in North China;Sample 3: Shanghai school gives meals based on children's weight.
基礎(chǔ)部 劉彩莉 |